Global Distilled Water Market Growth 2022-2028

1.1 Market Introduction

1.2 Years Considered

1.3 Research Objectives

1.4 Market Research Methodology

1.5 Research Process and Data Source

1.6 Economic Indicators

1.7 Currency Considered

2 Executive Summary

2.1 World Market Overview

2.1.1 Global Distilled Water Annual Sales 2017-2028

2.1.2 World Current & Future Analysis for Distilled Water by Geographic Region, 2017, 2022 & 2028

2.1.3 World Current & Future Analysis for Distilled Water by Country/Region, 2017, 2022 & 2028

2.2 Distilled Water Segment by Type

2.2.1 Pharmaceutical Grade

2.2.2 Industrial Grade

2.3 Distilled Water Sales by Type

2.3.1 Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

2.3.2 Global Distilled Water Revenue and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

2.3.3 Global Distilled Water Sale Price by Type (2017-2022)

2.4 Distilled Water Segment by Application

2.4.1 Beverages

2.4.2 Chemical and Biological Laboratories

2.4.3 Automotive Cooling Systems & Batteries

2.4.4 Medical

2.4.5 Others

2.5 Distilled Water Sales by Application

2.5.1 Global Distilled Water Sale Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

2.5.2 Global Distilled Water Revenue and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

2.5.3 Global Distilled Water Sale Price by Application (2017-2022)

3 Global Distilled Water by Company

3.1 Global Distilled Water Breakdown Data by Company

3.1.1 Global Distilled Water Annual Sales by Company (2020-2022)

3.1.2 Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

3.2 Global Distilled Water Annual Revenue by Company (2020-2022)

3.2.1 Global Distilled Water Revenue by Company (2020-2022)

3.2.2 Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

3.3 Global Distilled Water Sale Price by Company

3.4 Key Manufacturers Distilled Water Producing Area Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3.4.1 Key Manufacturers Distilled Water Product Location Distribution

3.4.2 Players Distilled Water Products Offered

3.5 Market Concentration Rate Analysis

3.5.1 Competition Landscape Analysis

3.5.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2020-2022)

3.6 New Products and Potential Entrants

3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

4 World Historic Review for Distilled Water by Geographic Region

4.1 World Historic Distilled Water Market Size by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

4.1.1 Global Distilled Water Annual Sales by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

4.1.2 Global Distilled Water Annual Revenue by Geographic Region

4.2 World Historic Distilled Water Market Size by Country/Region (2017-2022)

4.2.1 Global Distilled Water Annual Sales by Country/Region (2017-2022)

4.2.2 Global Distilled Water Annual Revenue by Country/Region

4.3 Americas Distilled Water Sales Growth

4.4 APAC Distilled Water Sales Growth

4.5 Europe Distilled Water Sales Growth

4.6 Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales Growth

5 Americas

5.1 Americas Distilled Water Sales by Country

5.1.1 Americas Distilled Water Sales by Country (2017-2022)

5.1.2 Americas Distilled Water Revenue by Country (2017-2022)

5.2 Americas Distilled Water Sales by Type

5.3 Americas Distilled Water Sales by Application

5.4 United States

5.5 Canada

5.6 Mexico

5.7 Brazil

6 APAC

6.1 APAC Distilled Water Sales by Region

6.1.1 APAC Distilled Water Sales by Region (2017-2022)

6.1.2 APAC Distilled Water Revenue by Region (2017-2022)

6.2 APAC Distilled Water Sales by Type

6.3 APAC Distilled Water Sales by Application

6.4 China

6.5 Japan

6.6 South Korea

6.7 Southeast Asia

6.8 India

6.9 Australia

6.10 China Taiwan

7 Europe

7.1 Europe Distilled Water by Country

7.1.1 Europe Distilled Water Sales by Country (2017-2022)

7.1.2 Europe Distilled Water Revenue by Country (2017-2022)

7.2 Europe Distilled Water Sales by Type

7.3 Europe Distilled Water Sales by Application

7.4 Germany

7.5 France

7.6 UK

7.7 Italy

7.8 Russia

8 Middle East & Africa

8.1 Middle East & Africa Distilled Water by Country

8.1.1 Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales by Country (2017-2022)

8.1.2 Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Revenue by Country (2017-2022)

8.2 Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales by Type

8.3 Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales by Application

8.4 Egypt

8.5 South Africa

8.6 Israel

8.7 Turkey

8.8 GCC Countries

9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends

9.1 Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities

9.2 Market Challenges & Risks

9.3 Industry Trends

10 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis

10.1 Raw Material and Suppliers

10.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Distilled Water

10.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Distilled Water

10.4 Industry Chain Structure of Distilled Water

11 Marketing, Distributors and Customer

11.1 Sales Channel

11.1.1 Direct Channels

11.1.2 Indirect Channels

11.2 Distilled Water Distributors

11.3 Distilled Water Customer

12 World Forecast Review for Distilled Water by Geographic Region

12.1 Global Distilled Water Market Size Forecast by Region

12.1.1 Global Distilled Water Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

12.1.2 Global Distilled Water Annual Revenue Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

12.2 Americas Forecast by Country

12.3 APAC Forecast by Region

12.4 Europe Forecast by Country

12.5 Middle East & Africa Forecast by Country

12.6 Global Distilled Water Forecast by Type

12.7 Global Distilled Water Forecast by Application

13 Key Players Analysis

13.1 Watsons

13.1.1 Watsons Company Information

13.1.2 Watsons Distilled Water Product Offered

13.1.3 Watsons Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.1.4 Watsons Main Business Overview

13.1.5 Watsons Latest Developments

13.2 Thermo Fisher Scientific

13.2.1 Thermo Fisher Scientific Company Information

13.2.2 Thermo Fisher Scientific Distilled Water Product Offered

13.2.3 Thermo Fisher Scientific Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.2.4 Thermo Fisher Scientific Main Business Overview

13.2.5 Thermo Fisher Scientific Latest Developments

13.3 Wahaha

13.3.1 Wahaha Company Information

13.3.2 Wahaha Distilled Water Product Offered

13.3.3 Wahaha Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.3.4 Wahaha Main Business Overview

13.3.5 Wahaha Latest Developments

13.4 Coca-Cola

13.4.1 Coca-Cola Company Information

13.4.2 Coca-Cola Distilled Water Product Offered

13.4.3 Coca-Cola Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.4.4 Coca-Cola Main Business Overview

13.4.5 Coca-Cola Latest Developments

13.5 Nestle

13.5.1 Nestle Company Information

13.5.2 Nestle Distilled Water Product Offered

13.5.3 Nestle Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.5.4 Nestle Main Business Overview

13.5.5 Nestle Latest Developments

13.6 ARIZONA

13.6.1 ARIZONA Company Information

13.6.2 ARIZONA Distilled Water Product Offered

13.6.3 ARIZONA Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.6.4 ARIZONA Main Business Overview

13.6.5 ARIZONA Latest Developments

13.7 Bante Instruments

13.7.1 Bante Instruments Company Information

13.7.2 Bante Instruments Distilled Water Product Offered

13.7.3 Bante Instruments Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.7.4 Bante Instruments Main Business Overview

13.7.5 Bante Instruments Latest Developments

13.8 YALIPEX

13.8.1 YALIPEX Company Information

13.8.2 YALIPEX Distilled Water Product Offered

13.8.3 YALIPEX Distilled Water Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.8.4 YALIPEX Main Business Overview

13.8.5 YALIPEX Latest Developments

14 Research Findings and Conclusion

Table 1. Distilled Water Annual Sales CAGR by Geographic Region (2017, 2022 & 2028) & ($ millions)

Table 2. Distilled Water Annual Sales CAGR by Country/Region (2017, 2022 & 2028) & ($ millions)

Table 3. Major Players of Pharmaceutical Grade

Table 4. Major Players of Industrial Grade

Table 5. Global Distilled Water Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 6. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 7. Global Distilled Water Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & ($ million)

Table 8. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 9. Global Distilled Water Sale Price by Type (2017-2022) & (USD/MT)

Table 10. Global Distilled Water Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 11. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 12. Global Distilled Water Revenue by Application (2017-2022)

Table 13. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 14. Global Distilled Water Sale Price by Application (2017-2022) & (USD/MT)

Table 15. Global Distilled Water Sales by Company (2020-2022) & (K MT)

Table 16. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

Table 17. Global Distilled Water Revenue by Company (2020-2022) ($ Millions)

Table 18. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

Table 19. Global Distilled Water Sale Price by Company (2020-2022) & (USD/MT)

Table 20. Key Manufacturers Distilled Water Producing Area Distribution and Sales Area

Table 21. Players Distilled Water Products Offered

Table 22. Distilled Water Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2020-2022)

Table 23. New Products and Potential Entrants

Table 24. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

Table 25. Global Distilled Water Sales by Geographic Region (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 26. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share Geographic Region (2017-2022)

Table 27. Global Distilled Water Revenue by Geographic Region (2017-2022) & ($ millions)

Table 28. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

Table 29. Global Distilled Water Sales by Country/Region (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 30. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Country/Region (2017-2022)

Table 31. Global Distilled Water Revenue by Country/Region (2017-2022) & ($ millions)

Table 32. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country/Region (2017-2022)

Table 33. Americas Distilled Water Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 34. Americas Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 35. Americas Distilled Water Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 36. Americas Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 37. Americas Distilled Water Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 38. Americas Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 39. Americas Distilled Water Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 40. Americas Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 41. APAC Distilled Water Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 42. APAC Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table 43. APAC Distilled Water Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 44. APAC Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table 45. APAC Distilled Water Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 46. APAC Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 47. APAC Distilled Water Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 48. APAC Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 49. Europe Distilled Water Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 50. Europe Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 51. Europe Distilled Water Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 52. Europe Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 53. Europe Distilled Water Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 54. Europe Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 55. Europe Distilled Water Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 56. Europe Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 57. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 58. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 59. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 60. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 61. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 62. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 63. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Table 64. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 65. Key Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities of Distilled Water

Table 66. Key Market Challenges & Risks of Distilled Water

Table 67. Key Industry Trends of Distilled Water

Table 68. Distilled Water Raw Material

Table 69. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

Table 70. Distilled Water Distributors List

Table 71. Distilled Water Customer List

Table 72. Global Distilled Water Sales Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & (K MT)

Table 73. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Forecast by Region

Table 74. Global Distilled Water Revenue Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 75. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

Table 76. Americas Distilled Water Sales Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & (K MT)

Table 77. Americas Distilled Water Revenue Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 78. APAC Distilled Water Sales Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & (K MT)

Table 79. APAC Distilled Water Revenue Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 80. Europe Distilled Water Sales Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & (K MT)

Table 81. Europe Distilled Water Revenue Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 82. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & (K MT)

Table 83. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Revenue Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 84. Global Distilled Water Sales Forecast by Type (2023-2028) & (K MT)

Table 85. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2023-2028)

Table 86. Global Distilled Water Revenue Forecast by Type (2023-2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 87. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2023-2028)

Table 88. Global Distilled Water Sales Forecast by Application (2023-2028) & (K MT)

Table 89. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2023-2028)

Table 90. Global Distilled Water Revenue Forecast by Application (2023-2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 91. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2023-2028)

Table 92. Watsons Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 93. Watsons Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 94. Watsons Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 95. Watsons Main Business

Table 96. Watsons Latest Developments

Table 97. Thermo Fisher Scientific Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 98. Thermo Fisher Scientific Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 99. Thermo Fisher Scientific Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 100. Thermo Fisher Scientific Main Business

Table 101. Thermo Fisher Scientific Latest Developments

Table 102. Wahaha Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 103. Wahaha Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 104. Wahaha Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 105. Wahaha Main Business

Table 106. Wahaha Latest Developments

Table 107. Coca-Cola Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 108. Coca-Cola Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 109. Coca-Cola Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 110. Coca-Cola Main Business

Table 111. Coca-Cola Latest Developments

Table 112. Nestle Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 113. Nestle Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 114. Nestle Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 115. Nestle Main Business

Table 116. Nestle Latest Developments

Table 117. ARIZONA Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 118. ARIZONA Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 119. ARIZONA Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 120. ARIZONA Main Business

Table 121. ARIZONA Latest Developments

Table 122. Bante Instruments Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 123. Bante Instruments Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 124. Bante Instruments Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 125. Bante Instruments Main Business

Table 126. Bante Instruments Latest Developments

Table 127. YALIPEX Basic Information, Distilled Water Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 128. YALIPEX Distilled Water Product Offered

Table 129. YALIPEX Distilled Water Sales (K MT), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 130. YALIPEX Main Business

Table 131. YALIPEX Latest Developments

List of Figures

Figure 1. Picture of Distilled Water

Figure 2. Distilled Water Report Years Considered

Figure 3. Research Objectives

Figure 4. Research Methodology

Figure 5. Research Process and Data Source

Figure 6. Global Distilled Water Sales Growth Rate 2017-2028 (K MT)

Figure 7. Global Distilled Water Revenue Growth Rate 2017-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 8. Distilled Water Sales by Region (2021 & 2028) & ($ millions)

Figure 9. Product Picture of Pharmaceutical Grade

Figure 10. Product Picture of Industrial Grade

Figure 11. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Type in 2021

Figure 12. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure 13. Distilled Water Consumed in Beverages

Figure 14. Global Distilled Water Market: Beverages (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Figure 15. Distilled Water Consumed in Chemical and Biological Laboratories

Figure 16. Global Distilled Water Market: Chemical and Biological Laboratories (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Figure 17. Distilled Water Consumed in Automotive Cooling Systems & Batteries

Figure 18. Global Distilled Water Market: Automotive Cooling Systems & Batteries (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Figure 19. Distilled Water Consumed in Medical

Figure 20. Global Distilled Water Market: Medical (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Figure 21. Distilled Water Consumed in Others

Figure 22. Global Distilled Water Market: Others (2017-2022) & (K MT)

Figure 23. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Figure 24. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Application in 2021

Figure 25. Distilled Water Revenue Market by Company in 2021 ($ Million)

Figure 26. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Company in 2021

Figure 27. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

Figure 28. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Geographic Region in 2021

Figure 29. Global Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure 30. Global Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country/Region in 2021

Figure 31. Americas Distilled Water Sales 2017-2022 (K MT)

Figure 32. Americas Distilled Water Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 33. APAC Distilled Water Sales 2017-2022 (K MT)

Figure 34. APAC Distilled Water Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 35. Europe Distilled Water Sales 2017-2022 (K MT)

Figure 36. Europe Distilled Water Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 37. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales 2017-2022 (K MT)

Figure 38. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 39. Americas Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 40. Americas Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 41. United States Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 42. Canada Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 43. Mexico Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 44. Brazil Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 45. APAC Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Region in 2021

Figure 46. APAC Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2021

Figure 47. China Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 48. Japan Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 49. South Korea Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 50. Southeast Asia Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 51. India Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 52. Australia Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 53. Europe Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 54. Europe Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 55. Germany Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 56. France Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 57. UK Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 58. Italy Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 59. Russia Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 60. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Sales Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 61. Middle East & Africa Distilled Water Revenue Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 62. Egypt Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 63. South Africa Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 64. Israel Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 65. Turkey Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 66. GCC Country Distilled Water Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 67. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Distilled Water in 2021

Figure 68. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Distilled Water

Figure 69. Industry Chain Structure of Distilled Water

Figure 70. Channels of Distribution

Figure 71. Distributors Profiles